When Algorithms Choose Your Future Child: AI-Assisted Reproduction and What It Means for ART Law

Artificial intelligence is no longer on the sidelines of reproductive medicine. It’s in the room analyzing sperm, ranking embryos, and influencing decisions that once rested solely with doctors, patients, and their hopes for the future.

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Breaking Update in the Legal Battle Over Birthright Citizenship — July 10th, 2025

Judge Joseph LaPlante of the U.S. District Court in New Hampshire certified a class action lawsuit covering all children born in the United States on or after February 20 who would be affected by the executive order and issued a preliminary injunction blocking its enforcement. This includes children born to undocumented parents, asylum seekers, and families present on student or work visas.

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What the Supreme Court Ruling on Birthright Citizenship Means for International Surrogacy Clients

On June 27, 2025, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a decision that, while procedural in nature, has sparked understandable questions from international intended parents pursuing surrogacy in the United States. Chief among them: Will my child still be recognized as a U.S. citizen? This post is intended to offer clarity.

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Trump v. CASA, Inc., et al.: What does the Supreme Court’s June 27, 2025 ruling mean for birthright citizenship?

Trump v. CASA, Inc., et al. What does the Supreme Court's June 27, 2025 ruling mean for birthright citizenship? The short answer: It's still unfolding.The Court's decision on June 27, 2025, did not address the guarantee of citizenship for those born on U.S. soil enshrined in the 14th Amendment to the US Constitution since the 1800s. However, it did narrow the power of federal courts to issue nationwide (i.e., universal) injunctions.

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A Quiet Fix for a Deep Injustice: California Moves to Protect Pregnancy in All Its Forms

California State Senate passed SB 257—the PARENT Act—with a unanimous vote. The bill aims to make pregnancy a qualifying event for special enrollment in health insurance plans, regardless of how the pregnancy was conceived. This includes situations like surrogacy or gestational carrying. The bill is intended to ensure that families formed through surrogacy are treated equally under California's health insurance laws.

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Happy Pride Month 2025

Pride is a celebration of love’s quiet defiance—and its enduring triumph. It’s a tribute to those who’ve made space for joy in a world that hasn’t always made space for them. At IFLG, we have the privilege of walking alongside LGBTQ+ individuals and couples who are building families not just with hope, but with intention, resilience, and grace.

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Federal Court Temporarily Blocks Executive Order Which Attempts To Restrict Automatic Citizenship To Babies Born on U.S. Soil

U.S. District Court Judge John Coughenour blocked the implementation of the Executive Order, calling it “blatantly unconstitutional.”

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Trump Administration Executive Order re: Birthright Citizenship and what it means for Surrogacy

Many IFLG clients and professional colleagues are confused and concerned about whether Mr. Trump, who’s second term started today, can eliminate or impact birthright citizenship in the U.S. and whether this will have any impact on the children born to intended parents coming to the U.S. for surrogacy.

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Rich Vaughn Featured in MIT Technology Review Article on Strange Limbo Facing Millions of IVF Embryos

Frozen embryos are filling storage banks around the world. It's a struggle to know what to do with them. Learn more as IFLG's Founding Partner, Rich Vaughn, is featured in an MIT Technology Review article by Jessica Hamzelou.

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Implications of the 2024 US Election Results on ART

There are consequences of the election results that are tangential and indirectly related to surrogacy and assisted reproduction. Notably for now, seven of the 10 state ballot measures enhancing or clarifying protections of abortion rights were successful.  

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Abortion Access, ART, and the US Elections

With the US Presidential Election only a couple of weeks away, those of us who work in the field of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) are paying very close attention to the polls. Among other extremely significant issues, abortion, ART, contraception, and what constitutes a family are all on the table.

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IFLG Applauds Governor Newsom for Expanding Access to IVF in California

California Governor Gavin Newsom signed SB 729 into law requiring large group health care service plan contracts and disability insurance policies to provide coverage for the diagnosis and treatment of infertility and fertility service, including in vitro fertilization (IVF).

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Alabama High Court Ruling Deems Frozen Embryos Children, Threatens IVF and Sparks Backlash

Earlier this year, the Alabama Supreme Court ruled that all embryos are legally regarded as children, stating that Alabama’s Wrongful Death of a Minor Act applies to all unborn children, regardless of their location. By granting frozen embryos the same legal status as living children, the court's decision could dramatically alter how embryos created during assisted reproduction are managed, stored, and disposed of.

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Surrogacy Needs to be Regulated, Not Prohibited

The way to address potential concerns about surrogacy is not - as some say - prohibition or restriction, but in fact acceptance and robust regulation. Evidence shows that surrogacy is not inherently harmful and can - and almost always does - produce good outcomes for all involved.

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Women: The Unsung Pioneers in the Development of IVF

While male scientists have traditionally received most of the credit for developing the field of assisted reproductive technology (ART), many women who pioneered vital components of the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process have remained in the background. Yet without their often-heroic efforts, the rapid technological advancement and vastly improved outcomes characteristic of modern fertility treatment would not have been possible.

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Bloomberg News Health & Law:
States’ IVF Coverage Gap for LGBTQ+ Intended Parents Featuring Rich Vaughn

State insurance laws and health plan policies on fertility coverage are under the microscope of lawmakers and fertility organizations seeking to eliminate what they see as discriminatory obstacles to health care for LGBTQ+ individuals.

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States’ IVF Coverage Gap for LGBTQ+ Intended Parents Featuring Rich Vaughn

Egg Donor & Surrogate Solutions NIAW Special With Molly O’Brien Esq.

Molly O'Brien, an attorney specializing in art law, shares her journey into the field of surrogacy and egg donation and becoming a passionate advocate for the rights of parents, surrogates, and donors alike. Molly discusses the importance of ethical practices in the surrogacy and egg donation industry and highlights the work of SEEDS (Society of Ethics in Egg Donation and Surrogacy) in setting standards for agencies and industry professionals.

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IVF Daddies Discuss Surrogacy Contracts With IFLG Attorney Molly O’Brien

IFLG's Molly O'Brien explains to IVF Daddies the importance of having a lawyer in the IVF process and how they provide independent guidance to intended parents. The conversation then delves into the egg donation process, including choosing a donor, screening, and the legal contract.

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The Importance of Telling Children They Were Donor-Conceived

With the ever-changing landscape of modern American family life and the growing number of children being born via sperm or egg donors, the pendulum of public opinion toward this topic, once shrouded in secrecy, has swung toward acceptance and honesty. In the more than 50 years since the inception of assisted reproductive technology (ART), society has slowly adopted a more open and honest approach to telling donor-conceived children about their origin story, as research now shows that they do better in society knowing their biological roots.

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Molly O’Brien Offers Crucial Insights into Alabama’s Recent Embryo Decision to Surrogacy.IS

Attorney Molly O’Brien, Partner at International Fertility Law Group and President of @seedsethics , offers crucial insights into Alabama’s recent embryo wrongful death lawsuit decision. With over two decades of experience in surrogacy and egg donation, Molly advocates passionately ♥️ for reproductive freedoms and medical autonomy.

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The Alabama Ruling: A Conversation with Fertility Lawyer Richard Vaughn

This week the world was shook by the surprise ruling of the Alabama Supreme Court, declaring that embryos created through in vitro fertilization (IVF) should be considered children. When creating embryos, the patients are aware of the possibility that they may be destroyed and unable to be successfully transferred. However, with this new ruling legal consequences could come with unsuccessful transfers.

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Catching Up With IFLG partner and current SEEDS President, Molly O’Brien, Esq.

Listen to IFLG partner and current SEEDS President, Molly O'Brien, Esq. discuss surrogacy with Carey Flamer-Powell, Founder and Director of Surrogacy Mentor and Modern Parent Mentor.

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IVF Daddies Discuss Egg Donor Contracts With IFLG Attorney Molly O’Brien

IFLG's Molly O'Brien explains to IVF Daddies the importance of having a lawyer in the IVF process and how they provide independent guidance to intended parents. The conversation then delves into the egg donation process, including choosing a donor, screening, and the legal contract.

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IFLG Joins ASRM & Resolve Condemning Alabama Supreme Court Ruling Embryos As Children

International Fertility Law Group joins The American Society for Reproductive Medicine and RESOLVE: The National Infertility Association in condemning the ruling by the Supreme Court of Alabama in LePage v. Mobile Infirmary Clinic, classifying embryos as children.

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LGBTQ Couples Fight for Reproductive Healthcare Benefits

As a growing number of same-sex couples turn to assisted reproductive technology (ART) to create their families, many are disheartened to find disparities in reproductive healthcare benefits provided by employers and insurers compared to their heterosexual counterparts. In many cases, LGBTQ couples are being denied fertility benefits, because they don’t fit into an antiquated mold of traditional male and female gender roles.

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In Defense of Surrogacy: Balancing Religious Values and Individual Choices

Pope Francis recently made an absolute statement advocating for the complete prohibition of surrogacy, a position that reflects the traditional stance of the Roman Catholic Church on assisted reproductive technologies. While we respect everyone’s right to their own religious beliefs, it is equally important to consider that individuals who do not subscribe to those particular teachings should not be compelled to follow them.

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6 Things to Know Before Starting IVF

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 2.3% of babies born yearly in the United States are the result of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) thanks to the work of thousands of ART professionals coupled with the determination, sacrifice, and love of thousands of so many intended parents, egg and sperm donors, and surrogates.

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More Women Are Freezing Their Eggs Due to Lack of Suitable Men

Prior to 2012, egg freezing had been deemed “experimental” by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), and the procedure had been largely only available to patients who were undergoing chemotherapy or other medical treatments that affect fertility. Removing egg freezing from the classification of “experimental” opened the procedure up to a larger population of women, and now over a decade later, the number of women freezing their eggs to preserve their fertility has increased significantly.

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Baby Born via Mitochondrial Donation Gives Hope to Families with Genetic Mitochondrial Disorders

Mitochondrial Donation Therapy offers hope to families by preventing the passing of genetic disorders from parent to child. Mitochondrial DNA is passed down from mother to child, and genetically mutated mitochondria can carry an array of incurable disorders such as muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, neurological problems, seizures, vision and hearing loss, muscle weakness, cognitive and developmental delays, and early death.

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Texas Abortion Ban Risks Women’s Health and Stretches into the World of Assisted Reproduction

With its restrictive abortion law, the state of Texas has become an example of why bans on abortion are not only a detriment to women’s rights and health, but, as time passes and lawsuits are filed, it is also giving us insight into possible far-reaching consequences in the world of assisted reproduction.

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What’s Really Involved When Donating Your Eggs?

Egg donors have helped thousands of intended parents fulfill their dreams of parenthood. According to a study of prospective egg donors published in the Oxford Academic Journals, 98 percent of participants expressed that altruism played a significant role in their decision to donate eggs.

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To Exist or Not to Exist – Posthumous Sperm Extraction and Reproduction

Posthumous reproduction, creating genetic offspring after the death of an intended parent, raises complex social, ethical and legal issues.

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‘The Kids Are All Right’ – Study Shows Children Born through Egg Donation, Sperm Donation, and/or Surrogacy Grow Up Just Fine

A 20-year study finds that children born via egg donation, sperm donation, and/or surrogacy grow up just fine, overturning long-held assumptions that children born via assisted reproductive technology (ART) are…

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California Poised to Pass a Bill Mandating IVF Insurance for Large-Group Health Plans

If passed into law, SB 729 would redefine infertility and require health plans to cover assisted reproductive technologies including in vitro fertilization (IVF), sperm testing/deposits, cryopreservation, egg retrievals, and embryo transfers (as long as any such embryo transfers are single-embryo transfers as recommended by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM)). This is the farthest any bill mandating fertility coverage equality has gotten in California to date.

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Genetic Bereavement: Managing Loss When Infertility Leaves You Unable to Carry a Genetic Child

Genetic bereavement, the loss of being able to carry a genetic child, can be all consuming and managing that grief is essential. Worldwide, 17.5% of adults are affected by infertility, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), many of whom will find out during their fertility journey that their dreams of parenting a genetic child will never be fulfilled. While they may continue pursuing their dreams of parenthood via assisted reproductive technology (ART), they will need to use donor eggs, sperm, or embryos to create their families.

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Key Factors to Consider When Selecting an Egg or Sperm Donor

There are several key factors to consider when choosing an egg or sperm donor to build your family through assisted reproductive technology. As technology has evolved and family dynamics and demographics have changed, the use of egg and sperm donors has gained in popularity. Although current culture makes choosing a donor seem like an easy process, there are in fact several aspects to consider before proceeding.

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Trends Gaining Popularity in Reproductive Health

Four new trends in reproductive health have intended parents proactively seeking their own unique path to parenthood.

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Supporting Fertility in the Workplace

Infertility is described as a disease according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and while other diseases such as cancer and diabetes are covered by most employers under their health benefits packages, infertility treatment has taken a back seat. While it is no secret that an unsupported workforce lacks in performance, the added stress and anxiety of struggling with infertility have been shown to lead to employees’ loss of confidence, withdrawal, and even feeling the need to resign.

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AI Poised to Revolutionize the Future of IVF

Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands to change the fertility world by revolutionizing outdated systems which may influence IVF success rates, the accuracy of cataloging frozen gametes, and lessen the overall cost of fertility treatments.

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Disparities Persist in Fertility Treatment for Black Intended Parents

Disparities continue for Black intended parents with the high cost of IVF, lack of insurance mandates and diversity in the medical community

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Disparities Remain for Black Women Living with Infertility

Although Black History Month is a time to highlight and celebrate achievements in the Black community, it is also a time to acknowledge where we have come from, as Americans…

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